#P14016. [ICPC 2024 Nanjing R] 拓扑

    ID: 13988 远端评测题 2000ms 1024MiB 尝试: 0 已通过: 0 难度: 8 上传者: 标签>数学2024拓扑排序组合数学逆元ICPC南京

[ICPC 2024 Nanjing R] 拓扑

Description

You are given a tree consisting of nn vertices, rooted at vertex 11. It is guaranteed that every vertex has a smaller index than all of its children. A topological order of this tree is a permutation p1,p2,,pnp_1,p_2,\dots,p_n of nn that satisfies the following constraint: For all 1i<jn1\leq i<j\leq n, vertex pjp_j is not the parent of vertex pip_i.

For each 1in1 \le i \le n, calculate the number of topological orders of the given tree satisfying pi=ip_i=i, modulo 998244353998\,244\,353.

Input Format

There is only one test case in each test file.

The first line contains an integer nn (2n50002\leq n\leq 5\,000), denoting the number of vertices of the tree.

The second line contains (n1)(n-1) integers f2,f3,,fnf_2,f_3,\dots,f_n (1fi<i1\leq f_i< i), where fif_i is the parent of vertex ii.

Output Format

Output one line containing nn integers a1,a2,,ana_1, a_2, \cdots, a_n separated by a space, where aia_i is the number of topological orders satisfying pi=ip_i=i, modulo 998244353998\,244\,353.

4
1 1 2
3 2 1 2
9
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 5
672 420 180 160 152 108 120 170 210

Hint

For the first sample test case, all topological orders of the tree are {1,2,3,4}\{1, 2, 3, 4\}, {1,3,2,4}\{1, 3, 2, 4\} and {1,2,4,3}\{1, 2, 4, 3\}. There are 33 of them satisfying p1=1p_1 = 1, 22 of them satisfying p2=2p_2 = 2, 11 of them satisfying p3=3p_3 = 3, and 22 of them satisfying p4=4p_4 = 4.